Is Non-Stick Cookware Safe? (And When To Use)

When non-stick cookware was first introduced decades ago, it was seen as a revolution in cooking. As time passed, people learned there were some serious health risks to the technology. While non-stick coatings are safer than when they first came out, they still contain “forever chemicals” and come with renewed skepticism, which may have you wondering if non-stick cookware is safe to use.

Non-stick cookware is generally acceptable in some circumstances, and unsafe in others. When you are cooking quick meals at a low temperature, non-stick cookware is safe. It's safe to make low-fat and delicate foods in non-stick cookware, as long as it's on a low heat. Never put non-stick cookware in a hot oven, (500 degrees or above), or use metal cooking utensils. 

Using a non-stick pan can be a real game changer. You use less oil and never have to worry about food sticking to the pan. There are, however, some risks and warnings you need to understand. If you’re skeptical or confused about whether or not pots and pans with a non-stick coating are safe, keep reading. Below is a list of factors that impact the safety of non-stick cookware, and when you should (and shouldn’t) use it.

Factors That Impact The Safety Of Not Non-Stick Cookware

1. New Versus Old

One of the main factors that impacts the safety of a non-stick pan is its age. Older non-stick coatings are less safe than newer ones, since older models contain cancer-causing chemicals that are now banned. 

Older pans also tend to have a coating that is flakes off, which is dangerous. Recent models are generally safer, with an intact coating. While there are still chemicals present in the coating, they are not as dangerous as previous generations of cookware.

2. The Brand And Quality

A top brand, high quality non-stick pan is generally safer to use . Avoid buying very cheaply made products from foreign countries that don’t have the same safety regulations. Instead, opt for brands you can trust, with a proven safety record.

3. The Level Of Heat

The safety of a non-stick pan greatly depends on the temperature to which it is heated. Most non-stick pans are perfectly safe at low temperatures, especially when you cook for short periods, like scrambling eggs or a few pancakes. Very high heat for prolonged periods increases the health risk. When heated above 500 degrees, non-stick coating can release toxic fumes that are hazardous when ingested.

4. How Well It’s Maintained

A non-stick coating is also safest when it is properly maintained. When you clean the pan properly, and use silicone and other safe cooking utensils on the vulnerable coating, it will last longer and be less of a health hazard. Metal spoons, cleaning it in the dishwasher, and neglecting to properly maintain non-stick cookware, will have the coating peel off faster and put you at risk.

When To Use Non-Stick Cookware

1. Cooking Delicate Food That Sticks To Pans

The top reason people use a non-stick pan is to make cooking easier. Frying eggs without destroying the yolk is easier with a non-stick pan, as is making pancakes, or heating up tortillas. Non-stick cookware is useful for anything that is delicate, or tends to stick to the surface of a pan. It ensures your final product looks great, and makes cleanup a breeze.

2. Low-Fat Meals With No Oil Or Butter

Using this cookware can also help you reduce the calories in your meals. These pans require very little oil, reduxing calories and preventing your food sticking to, and burning on the pan. If you are on a diet, then non-stick cookware is ideal for cooking all your low-calorie meals.

3. Quick Meals That Don’t Require High Heat

Another great benefit to non-stick cookware is how quick it is to cook with it. The cleanup is faster, and if you are making a simple meal that doesn’t require much time or high heat, it could be the right option for you.

When Not To Use Non-Stick Cookware

1. When Cooking At Very High Heat

You should never heat non-stick cookware above 500 degrees, and it’s often better to avoid cooking at high heat all together, especially for prolonged periods. If you need to sear meat, or cook vegetables on high, use standard, stainless steel or cast iron cookware.

2. Never Put It In A Hot Oven

Sometimes you need to transfer pots and pans from the stovetop to the oven. While this is something you can easily do with 100% metal cookware, don't so it with a non-stick pan. The coating can smoke and even flake off in a hot oven, especially if it’s in there for long periods. Only use non-stick cookware on the stove.

3. If The Pan Is Old Or Damaged

Don't use a non-stick pan that is old and damaged. If the non-stick coating is scratched, flaking off, or damaged, throw away the pan. Use different cookware if you notice your non-stick pan is old and damaged, or buy a new pan.

Tips To Remember When Using Non-Stick Cookware

1. Don’t Apply High Heat For Long Periods

The best way to make non-stick cookware safer to use is to avoid heating it to very high temperatures. Never heat it above 500 degrees, which means you shouldn’t try to sear meat, and instead should cook foods at medium and low heat. 

2. Never Use Metal Tools 

Metal cooking utensils will scratch the coating off non-stick cookware, which damages the pan, and can cause the coating to flake off into your food, which can be toxic. Use silicone and other soft spatulas and spoons that are safe to use with the non-stick coating. 

3. Replace When The Non-Stick Coating Is Compromised

Unlike copper cookware and other high-end metal cookware, non-stick pots and pans are not meant to last you a lifetime. Properly maintained, they will last for many years, but they eventually will need to be replaced. When you see scratches, notice warping, or any other signs of damage, swap the pan out for a new one. Keeping your non-stick pans new is a great way to ensure they are safe to use.

4. Hand Wash With A Gentle Sponge

When you wash non-stick cookware, never use steel wool or abrasive sponges, as it can seriously damage the non-stick coating. You should also handwash this cookware. If you place it in the dishwasher, the high heat and harsh detergents can damage the pots and pans over time.

5. Use High-Quality Cookware

When you purchase non-stick cookware, never be cheap. Choose high-quality pots and pans from trusted kitchenware brands. Spending a few extra dollars will ensure you have products you can rely on. The extra money you spend may also result in the pots and pans lasting for several more years, which will save you money in the end.

Wrapping Up When You Should And Shouldn’t Use Non-Stick Cookware

Non-stick cookware can be a godsend in some scenarios, but it can be dangerous and toxic in others. Some instances when it’s a good idea to cook with these pans include when you’re making delicate items like pancakes or fried eggs, or easy meals at a low heat. Non-stick cookware is also great for those looking to lose weight, as you don’t need to use oil or butter.

Never use these coated pans in a hot oven, or at temperatures above 500 degrees. To help make non-stick cookware safer to cook with, maintain and clean it properly by washing by hand and never using harsh detergents or abrasive sponges. Buy high-quality pans from trusted brands, and replace non-stick cookware when it’s scratched or damaged.

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